Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a serious sleep-disordered breathing condition in which the muscles of the throat, nose, and mouth relax during sleep, causing soft tissue to collapse and block your airway. Each obstruction can halt breathing for 10 seconds or more, and this can happen dozens to hundreds of times per night.
When your brain detects the drop in blood oxygen levels, it jolts your body awake just enough to resume breathing. You may never fully wake up, but these constant micro-interruptions prevent you from reaching the deep, restorative REM sleep your body needs to repair itself, regulate hormones, and consolidate memory. Over time, untreated sleep apnea can contribute to serious health conditions, including high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and mood disorders.
The Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) measures how many breathing interruptions occur per hour of sleep. An AHI of 5–14 is classified as mild sleep apnea, 15–29 as moderate, and 30 or more as severe. Many Ottawa residents go years without a diagnosis, because the interruptions happen while they’re unconscious, often only noticed by a bed partner.
Up to 50% of adults snore. However, loud, chronic snoring, especially with gasping or choking sounds, is one of the most reliable warning signs of OSA. Snoring is caused by the vibration of partially blocked airway tissue; sleep apnea is when that tissue blocks the airway completely.




